Spraying device



July 18, 1933. wl H ANDREWS 1,919,153

' sPRAYING DEVICE Filed July 26, 1929 2 sheets-sheet 1 July 13, 1933. w. H. ANDREWS 1,919,153

SPRAYING DEVICE Patented July 18, 1933 i i i UNITED STATES-PATENT, OFFICE? WILLIAM H. ANDREWsOE CLEVELAND, OHIO, AssIoNOR` rro IRENE E. ANDREWS Y -sPRAYING DEVICE`v i 'A i Application filed July 2G, 1929. 'Serial No. 3v8 1,2 17.

This invention relates to improvements in is, the compressor is being.r operated'continudevices I'or spraying paints, lacquers or other ously' and is imt'adapted to be shut off-interliquids7 tinelydivided solid particles sueltas mittently.' e i insect powders` ete.., and the principal Object y Another object relates tothe provision ofa is the provision of such a device which is hollow h andle or ymagazine)` wherein extra 55 highly eiieient in operation,simple and easily spray flattening members orr spray nozzles eo-ntrolled to use a minimum amount of mamay be safely kept for future use. terial and a minimum amount'ot' pressure to Further objects will include improvements secure the very best results. f in various detailsot' construction which will 10 Another object includes such a devicein be hereinafter set forth in greater detail. 60

which the trigger control is accurate and The invention is illustrated in the acco-msimple. which operates at either low or high panyingilrawings, in which Figure 1 repreair pressures and volumes and with a small sentlsa side elevation of the device constructed consumption lot material thereby reducing toembodytheinvention; v

the amount of mists and fumes to a minimum Figure 2 represents la vertical longitudinal l5 while still all'ording" perfectl atomization of cross sectionthroughthe device in inoperathe material. i tive or closed position; K f

Another object of the'inventitmisthe pro- `Figure 3 is `a View similar to Figure 2, vision of a new and improved form of comshowing a slightly'moditied construction of mingling chamber wherein the air and mathe device. v f Y `f teri'al to be sprayed is perfectly commingled Referring-now to the drawings, 1y indicates prior to the lnal step of'atomization and the bodyvof the sprayingI devicefwhich inspraying. This feature is apparently new cludes the' barrel portion Qand the handle and is brought about in a manner later tOV POIOD 3, WhCh hillldle POI-H eXtyrlli'dS be described. By causing this primary co1n- ClOWINViUdly ll'efl'Olfl l-Ufl S IlClIld Slight-- 75 mingling oi' the air and material in the novel ly to the rear thereby giving to the IWhole manner set iorth here-nunone ofthe material, the appearance of -an automatic firearm. I

and this particularly important in the use The hlldl POIOII preferably ,inadegot' paints and laequers. is permitted to come hOllOW. HSiindiClt-d 'at 4 21nd has in the 9X- in contact with the movin!"r valve member treme lOWeI 'POOIl theleofa SCIGW thread- 80 whereby the same iseaused to elo-g or stick ed Opening 'adapted t0 be, Closed byia Cap in thel workingl barrel. Furthermore, a more (i. The object inmaking the handle hollow perfect commingling of the airand material is tO provide -a storage space or magazine for is brought about as compared to prior de- Spare Parts t0 be liSed 0U f-hedevice, Such as vices of the same class. f UOZZleS an@ Spray headsi' i Another object of the invention is the pro- A spraylng devlce ofthe type'hereinsh'own vision of such a device in which the complete 1S employed in varlousindustries and homes body and handle are made of one piece of matoday `for spraying plpts ltWflUfilS., insert terial. preterablv by die-casting or forging, P OWdelS, VfIIOUS QPIRYIDL' liquids, insectithereby simplifying the manufacture of the CldeS, ete., and it v1sV necessary that the ma- 90 same and bringing the completed article Withferlill be-'Splayed Orat'olnized' air under in the Aprice range Aof the individual house- PIGSSUIGf The mtelll '1S COIlVeyd to the holder as well as the commercial concerns point of atomization by air pressure and it. is making use of such a` spraying device.` At an Object of this invention to provide pasthe same time. a more, attractive and subsageways and valve members for controlling 95 stantial device is provided by this invention. the air pressure and the passage of thema- Another object is the provision of a device terial and the mixing and atomization employing an air relief passage which will thereof. y `f' be broughtinto use Where an aircompressor To this end the bod member? 1s provided 5 is being used which can not be regulated, that longitudinally thereo wlth acyhndrlcal bore 100 closed by a screw threaded preferably' made in two parts, 17 andv 19, asv

shown, the part 19 being slightly greater in diameter than the part 17 and being secured together by a metal pin or rivet 20 for ease in assembling. This valvular member can also be made in one integral part, but thisv method of construction may be adopted at will. The valvular member extends rearwardly in a horizontal direction and projects into a spring chamber 21 bored centrally in the body i?. A washer 23 is secured to the valvular member .and av compression spring 22 is ositioned around that portion of the valv ar member extending intovthe spring chamber. The end of the springvchamber is end plate or knob 24,(1'engaging suitable screw threads in the bo y 1. y v V v The valvular member is given a forward, longitudinal movement by depressinga trigger 25, pivoted to the body at 26 andcarrying at its upper portion,.bifurcated members 27 engaging opposite; sides of the valve member. This may be accomplished by causing flat recesses to c lindrical valve member adapted to receive t e bifurcated members or the bifurcated members may be pivoted to the valve member.

lThe particular mode of engagement forms no part `of my invention there being any number of methods for accomplishing this,

.at present in use.

The valvular member 17, which, as heretofore explainedv is a solidcylindrical member,

has therem several passageways for bring- `ling about certain results soonf'to be explained.

" As shown,

on the bottomportion thereof is provided a passageway or flat spot 9,running for a short distancealong said valve member and being formed by filing or milling the cylindrical surface of the valve member. .This passageway merges or communicates with another passageway or port 10, drilled vertically through the valve member 17 To they left yof this passageway and .at some distance therefrom is a similar passageway or port 14, drilled through the valve member 17 These ports are of such a distance apart as to register with passageways 8 and 15, cast or cut into the body 1 and communicating with the bore 18; that is, the center to center distance between passageways 8 and 15 is the same as the center to distance between the ports 10 and 14. From the extreme left end portion of the valve member 17 there is drilled Ahorizontally a passageway 28 which communicates with the bore 18 and/with the port 14;.

'scope of m gpipe.

be formed in the otherwise pered at its forward end to form a nose and having drilled horizontally therethrough a bore 30 which alines with the bore Q8.` `This suction nozzle is secured in the bore 18 by means of a force tit although it is within the i invention to make it integral with the va ve member 17. However, when the suction nozzle is made separately,` as showlnand finally assembled, there is a space left between said nozzle and the extreme left portion of the valve member in its inoperative .position as shown lin the drawings. This space will be occupiedr by the valve member when moved longitudinally to its operative position by depressing the trigger yand thc bores 30 and 28 will form practically one continuous passageway. Y Y p An ejector nozzle 33 is secured by means of screw threads to the body of the spraying device at the rdischarge end of the commingler This nozzle has a continuous longitudinal bore being composed of two bores ofvarying diameters, the outlet bore 34 b'eingof smaller flared `outwardly at its margin as shown at bore through-its central portion, said l 36, for the purpose of giving a Venturi throat etfect when considered in connection with the tapered nose of the suction nozzle 29.

Surrounding the ejector nozzle 33 and adjustably securedtov the sprayingrdevice .by

means of screw threads is the conventional spray {lattening member 37, forming no part of my invention. f This spray flattening member has a flat face provided with two lugs 38 forwardly projecting, through whichv the ports 39 are forward faces approximately at right angles to the ports extending through these projections. The member 37 has an aperture at its centre which is suiciently larger in diameter than the forward end portionA of the nozzle core to permit a hollow streamof compressed air to issue through the space thus formed. When thus issuing this hollow stream of compressed air laterally houses the stream of material issuing through the axial bore of the nozzle core so as to prevent a decided spreading of the material stream until the latter is engaged by the converging air jets vissuing from the ports 39. These converging air jets are well known in the art as flattening jets and their axes converge after the manner of the edges of a flattened Apyramid toward. the axis of the aperture whereby air jets issuing from these ports 39 will intersect at a common point on the drilled. These projections have charge passageway 42..

issuing from theA ejector chamber is in communication with the As'ucf tion opening31 and with the bores-80, 34, and 35. This chamberis preferably `designated as the commingler chamber and will be designated asV 41. This chamber forms a very important part of my" invention and the function whichit'performs will be explained hereinafter. i

The body of the spraying device has attached theretok a hose nipple 7 to whichan yair hose may be attached and led `to a suitable air compressor, not4 shown. Normally, the type of air compressor designed for use with a spraying device of this typemay be regulated to .suit the load on the compressor, that is, it may be started and stopped 'inter'- mittently. However,` this spraying device might possibly be used with au air compressor which can not be regulated in the manner described, that is, the compressor is `under a continuous run and since the sprayer is not beingused constantly, some provision must be made to take care of the excessair pressure. This is accomplisl1ed,`in the present invention by providingran air relief passage 4Q which. in the inoperative position of the valve member 17,'communicates with the port 10 and the passageway or flat spot 9 and thence through passagewayS to the air compressor. Vith the compressor running continuously and the valve member in the inoperative position, air will continually escape through the passageways mentionec and escape to atmosphere: throughr 'the nozzle 43 containing passageway 44.

The only difference between the devices shown in Figures 2 and is that in Figure 3. the air discharge passagewayhasbeen omitted entirely from the assembly and consequently the body portion can be made smaller since no provision need be made for the upstanding portion adapted to contain thewair dis- The barrelportion isfprovided with the apertured lug `or 4flange 45, which provides a convenient hanging means and normally falls at the balancing point of thespraying device.v i 1 y Y It is to be noted that the dispensing tube 32 is somewhat to one side of the `center of the container 16, which normally consists ofthe well known Mason jar. This jar' isprovided with screw threads which engage corresponding screw threads in theflange 46 provided in the body member of the device. Any form of sealing gasket '47 `may be employed between the edge of the jar and the flange. The object in placing the tube 32 slightly to one side of the center of the jar is thatexperience has shown that the sprayer is used distinct directions; the

most ofthe'tirfne in aposition in which the dschar e nozzle is pointing downwardly at anang e. Consequently as'the levelof the material "inl the jar decreases,l the material will tend tolie in one corner of thefjar, leaving the bottom exposedin the-remaining portion. Therefore the tube willy always be immersed in the material whereas, if the tube engagesthe material at the center of the jar, not nearly as much of the material canbe dispensed when the level inthej ar decreases to a negligible quantity;

Assuming now, for lan example, that ther spraying devicev isnt'o be used for spraying any of the well known lacquers, `tliematerial is placed' in thef jar andlthe'spraying device is screwed upon the jar.' The compressor is started. `The operator depressesthe trigger 25 tothe dotted line position,.thereby causing the valve member to move longitudinally to the left and causin the various ports to aline as before descried. Airl under pressure, fiowsthrouglrthe ports and takes three firstthrough port 10, passageway '12,Iport 15 and into.' the jar4 16 where'it exerts pressure'upon" the material therein, serving to force the' same up through tube 32. Also, the air ressure passes from passageway 12throug yport 14, bore 28, bore 30 and issues from the suctionr nozzle 29, thereby creating a suction which tends Ato suck up the material in tube'32. vAlso, the'air and material undergo a complete commingling in the chamber 41', "prior-to any atomization, and this yfeature is important. Intimate-mixing occurs .inchamber 41 and ithas been found that this mixing, prior to atomization, accounts ytory the remarkable results achieved' by'this spraymg device'. The valve member cannot become clogged up and; if the materialhas any solvent properties, no destructive effect is brought to' bear upon the moving valve parts. Air cannot-iind its way `to the rear 'of thevalve member because the valve member is enlarged at 47, `.forming a shoulder which seats `against the valve seat 48v when the valve ismoved to operative' position. Furthermore, by causing intimatezmixture in the chamber 4 1, it hasbeen found that the ejector nozzle.33 does not become clogged with the material, thereby eliminating frequent shut-downs for cleaning parts. The third-path forthe air under pressure is directly through the passagewayllQ to thefatomizing chamber 49V wherevthe air is causedY to issue in a4 hollow stream and f laterally house the stream of intimately ymixed mate` rial issuing through the axial bore of -the nozzle core, as hereinbefore described. 'i

The air relief 'passageway -isfunctioning when the device isinoperative ifa ,continuous ner heretofore described.

Normally, the spraying device is adapted the' rcommingler y yrun air compressor is Vbeing used, in the man- Y and communicating -with main body member,

connection at one end and a' to be used with low air pressures, that is, pressures ranging between yfour and forty pounds. 1f it is desired to employ extremelyy high air pressures such as fifty to one hundredand tifty pounds, in order to avoid breaking the glass jar, passagewaj' l5 leading to the jar l(i.is plugged up or dispensed with and the air pressure follows the two passageways remaining, heretofore described. For average use, however, the lower range of pressures isfadhered to and therefore the air pressure is permitted to seek out the three routes before described.

The device is composed of very few wearing parts, being made strong and capable of very `,severe use. 'An even tiowing stream is assuredand materials are handled with remarkablek ease. The flow is under perfect trigger control and the device is well balanced, light in weight and remarkably easy to clean.-

I claim :Y

1. In Vcombination in al sprayer having `a main body member, a commingler pipe having a pressure connection at one end and a suction connection intermediate the ends thereof; of an atoinizer at the opposite end and communicating with a primary atomizer air passageway contained within the? body member and said commingler pipe,l said primary atomizing air `passageway and said commingler pipe-extending longitudinally and Vparallel with each other and being intercommunicating at the pressure end of said commingler pipe only. f

2. In combination in a sprayer having a a commingler pipe having a pressure suction connection intermediate the ends thereof; of an atoinizer `at the opposite end a. primary atomizing air passageway contained within'the body member and said commingler pipe,said primary andparallel with each' other-an being intercommunicating at the pressure end of-said comminglerbpipe only and valvular means controlling said pressure connection with said valvular means consisting of a manually operated valvememberlongitudinally slidv able in saidcommingler pipe.

3. In an automatic sprayer and mixing-v mainvbody member and device comprising a a handle, a trigger in the handle and a commingler pipe connected to the handle; a pressure connection at one end and a suction connection intermediate theends of said pipe, an atomizerat the opposite end and having extended 'therethrough .an f ejector nozzle, and communicating with a primary atomizing air passageway contained within the body member andsaid commingler pipe,

atomizing air passageway and said commingler pipe extending longitudinally' a drawing nozzle provided with a longitudinal central bore intermediate the ends of said cominingler pipe and adjacent to said suction connection thereby forming a commingler chamber between said nozzles, said primary atomizing air passageway and said commingler pipe extending lon itudinally and parallel with each other and ing intercominunicating at the pressure end of said cominingler pipe only, and valvular means slidably mounted in said colnmingler pipe approaching said drawing nozzle and operatively connected with saidtrig er.

4. In a sprayer of the type escribed, an ejector nozzle, a body vmember supporting said nozzle and having ka bore therein and an atomizing air passageway bore to said nozzle, air supply means connected to ,said` mounted ingsaid bore for controlling the passage of air from said supply means to said ejector nozzle by means of two distinct parallel passageways, said valve member having a plurality of. apertures extendingk therethrough and adapted to aline with said distinct passageways simultaneously according to the position of said valve member with respect to said bore.

5. In a sprayer of thetype described, an ejector nozzle, a drawing nozzle, a bodymember supporting said nozzles and having a bore therein and an atomizing air passageway leading from said boreto said ejector nozzle,

air supply means connected topsaid bore, a valve member slidablymounted in said bore for controlling the passageof air from said supply means to said nozzles by means oftwo parallel distinct passageways, said valve member having a pluralit of apertures extending therethrough andy adapted to aline with said distinct passageways simultaneously according to the position of said valve member with respect to said bore.

6. In a sprayer of the type described, an ejector nozzle, a drawing nozzle spaced from said ejector nozzle to Lform va commingler chamber between said nozzles, a body member supporting said nozzles and having a bore therein and an atomizing -air passageway leading from said bore to said ejector nozzle, airA supplyy means connected to said bore, a valve member slidably mounted in said bore for controlling the passage of air from said supply means to said ejector nozzle and to said commingler chamber by means of two distinct parallel passageways, said valve member` having a plurality of apertures extending therethrough and-adapted to aline with said distinct passageways simultaneously according to the position of said valve member with respect to said bore.

WILLIAM lii. ANDREWS.

leading from said bore, a valve member slidably 

